Everyone worries. An anxiety disorder is different: the worry is excessive, persistent (most days for months), and interferes with life — work, sleep, relationships.
A panic attack, explained
A sudden wave — racing heart, chest tightness, breathlessness, trembling, sweating, a feeling of doom — peaking within minutes. It convinces many people they're having a heart attack, and ER visits with normal ECGs are common. Panic attacks are terrifying but not dangerous, and they are very treatable.
If it's happening now: slow your breathing (in for 4, out for 6), plant your feet, name five things you can see. The wave passes — usually within 10–20 minutes.
When to seek care
- Worry or panic most days for weeks
- Avoiding places or situations for fear of an attack
- Physical symptoms (palpitations, stomach issues, headaches) with repeatedly normal tests
- First, one medical check: thyroid problems and anemia can mimic anxiety — a TSH and CBC are worth doing
Treatment that works
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the gold standard; medication helps moderate-to-severe cases. Caffeine reduction, sleep, and exercise are genuine force-multipliers. Avoid self-medicating with benzodiazepines from the pharmacy — they trap you fast.
This article is general guidance, not a diagnosis.